Natural Gas

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Price - Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a liquid form of gas, primarily methane (CH4) that is kept in a liquescent form for easy storage. The foremost reason of dissolving the gas to fluid form is to help in transporting it. The gas, in its liquefied form is clear, non-hazardous and colourless. Despite its fluid form, it is still a LNG.

The process of liquefying the gas involves abstraction of elements such as hydrocarbon, acidic gases, helium, dust or water. This ensures that the gas is light and able to travel. Further, the LNG is cooled at a temperature of -260 °F (-162 °C). The cooling then condenses the gas into a liquid state, making it easy for transportation. Cooling is extremely important part of liquefaction of the LNG, as it helps in lessening the volume of gas as well as helps in lightening it by eliminating other elements. 

Being in its fluid form, LNG is generally considered to be safe and non-hazardous, ready to be provided to homes and commercial places. It is also a preferred form of safe gas, because even if it spills, it evaporates and causes little to no harm to the ground or environment.

Simulated Natural Gas (SNG)

Simulated Natural Gas (SNG) - is produced by mixing vaporised LPG with compressed air. SNG can be used in place of LNG, as it has virtually identical combustion characteristics. It can be used alone or mixed with regular LNG. 

No changes are required in burners, regulators or gas jets. Simulated Natural Gas has a number of names. In addition to SNG, it is also called propane-air and LPG-air.

LNG (methane) and LPG (propane) are both used in essentially the same way but they are also different in many ways. Some countries rely on both types of gas for our energy needs. LNG and LPG are widely available and used for thousands of applications in homes and business.

The key differences between LPG vs LNG in summary:

• LPG (propane) and LNG (methane) have different chemical formulas: Methane is CH4. Propane is C3H8.
• LPG has a higher calorific value - energy content - than LNG, with 93.2MJ/m³ vs 38.7MJ/m³.
• For proper combustion, LPG requires an air to gas ratio of approximately 25:1 whilst LNG requires a 10:1 ratio.
• LPG (propane) is more dense than air, at a relative density of 1.5219:1 vs LNG (methane) at 0.5537:1, which is lighter than air.
• LPG can be compressed into a liquid and stored or transported in a cylinder or larger vessel.
• LNG and LPG appliances operate at different pressures.
• LPG can be easily processed into Simulated LNG - SNG - and used as a substitute for LNG. The same is not true in reverse.

Calorific Value of LPG vs LNG - Energy Content

There are also two main differences in the way that LPG (Propane) and LNG (Methane) are burnt. The first difference is in the energy content. LPG has a higher energy content than LNG, with 93.2MJ/m³ vs 38.7MJ/m³. With this higher calorific value, less LPG is required to produce the same amount of heat.

Price - Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), abbreviated as LPG is a highly combustible compressed gas obtained from refining crude oil in a refinery. Since it is the lightest of all the refinery cuts or refinery yields produced, it is obtained immediately during the first distillation process. 

It is used as a domestic fuel for cooking purposes or raw material for chemical synthesis process. LPG is a mixture of propane and butane and is denser than air. 

Thus, if LPG leaks from the compressed LPG cylinders it becomes a very serious matter for safety reasons as it can explode with just a small spark. LPG is primarily used as a domestic fuel in developing nations for heating and cooking purposes as well as running internal combustion engines (Gasoline-driven engines). 

However, the safety of LPG driven vehicles still remains a concern. 

Apart from this LPG, is also used as a refrigerant and an aerosol propellant and has been replacing CFC’s so that damage to the ozone layer can be mitigated. When LPG is burnt, it burns completely without leaving any soot and its sulphur emission is also less. 

Thus, it is considered to be a cleaner fuel. When compared with LNG as fuel, LPG has low calorific value as well as causes little amount of extra emissions than LNG.

Also, natural gas being lighter than air, it tends to rise up if leaked, making it safe when compared to LPG as LPG settles on the floor or low spots and thus it have more chances of catching fire.